There could be many reasons why someone has to move out of an apartment which he shares with a roommate. For one, it could be job transfer. If the person is getting married, he also needs to move out. The important thing is you should inform your roommate as soon as possible. This way, you can settle your bills and you can revise your contract if it is under your name. If you paid for the deposit you may also be able to get at least most of it. Your roommate would also have more time to look for another roommate.
You would also be able to set your moving date. Again this would help your roommate coordinate with a possible new roommate when he can move in. On your part, this will help you schedule your move so you can finish packing everything and be out of way. Not only will this be convenient on you but your roommate as well. The transition would be easier on both parties in the end.
If you have acquired common things and furniture, you would also have to discuss how you are going to handle it. You have the option to just leave them. Your roommate could also offer to pay for your part, for instance. It would depend on your discussion and agreement in the end.  
 

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